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Evolution Korea The economic crisis that swept Asia required a major review of the old model of government-business alliances and the public management of private risks. In Korea, this meant a change in the model of development. In a controversial move, South Korea's government has asked textbook publishers to ignore calls to remove examples of evolution from science textbooks for high school students. This includes the evidence for the evolution of horses and the bird an ancestor Archaeopteryx. 1. Evolution and Religion A creationist group in South Korea has successfully convinced textbook publishers to omit evidence of evolution from high school science texts. The decision was the result of a campaign by the Society for Textbook Revise (STR) which is an affiliate of the Korea Association for Creation Research which aims to get rid of textbooks on biology of “atheist materialism.” The STR claims such materialism portrays negative images to students, making them be skeptical. 에볼루션 바카라 체험 across the globe expressed worry when the STR campaign made headlines. Jae Choe, evolutionary biologist at Ewha Womans University, Seoul, complained in a letter to Nature's editor that South Korea had succumbed to religious prejudice. He was backed by colleagues across the country, who formed an organization called Evolution Korea to organize a petition to protest the changes to the textbooks. Some scientists are worried that the STR could expand to other parts of the globe, including areas where creationism has been on the rise. The letter to Nature warned of the anti-evolutionist campaign putting pressure on textbook revisions, especially in countries with large Christian and Muslim population. South Korea's culture is particularly strong in the evolution debate. 26 percent of South Koreans are members of a religion, with the majority practicing Christianity or Buddhism. Many Koreans also adhere to Ch'ondogyo, the philosophy based on Confucian principles, which emphasizes social harmony, individual self-cultivation and self-respect. Ch'ondogyo teaches the human being is one with Hanulnim the God of Sun and that the heavenly blessings are possible through the good works of one's. All of this has created fertile ground for the spread of creationism. Multiple studies have shown students who have a religious background to be more hesitant to learn about evolution than those who don't. The reasons behind this aren't obvious. One explanation is that students with a religious background tend not to be as well-versed in scientific concepts and theories, which makes them more susceptible to the influence of creationists. Another reason could be that students who have religious backgrounds may see evolution as a belief system that is atheistic, making them less comfortable. 2. Evolution and Science In recent years scientists have been concerned about anti-evolution efforts in schools. A 2009 survey revealed nearly 40% of Americans believed that biological evolution was not true and that it would conflict their religious beliefs. Many scientists believe that despite the popularity of creationism the best method to counter this belief is to educate the public about the evidence that supports evolution. Scientists have a responsibility to teach their students about science, including the theory of evolution. They should also inform the public about the process of scientific research and how knowledge is confirmed. They must also explain how scientific theories are often challenged and changed. However, misinformation about the nature and purpose of research can fuel anti-evolution views. Some people confuse the word “theory” as a hunch, or a guess. In the field of science, however, the hypothesis is tested thoroughly and empirical evidence is used to verify it. A theory that is repeatedly tested and observed becomes a scientific principal. The debate on the theory of evolution is a wonderful chance to discuss the importance of scientific method and its limitations. It is crucial that people understand that science cannot answer questions about life's purpose or meaning, but rather offers a way for living things to develop and evolve. A well-rounded education should also include exposure to all major scientific fields including evolutionary biology. This is crucial because a lot of jobs and choices require people understand the way science works. The vast majority scientists in the world agree that humans have changed through time. In a study that predicted the views of adults on the consensus around this issue people with higher levels of education and scientific knowledge were found to be more likely to believe there is a wide agreement among scientists about human evolution. People with a higher level of religious belief but less scientific knowledge tend to be more divided. It is crucial that educators stress the importance of understanding this consensus so that people can make informed choices about health care, energy usage and other issues of policy. 3. Evolution and Culture A close relative to the mainstream evolutionary theory, the concept of cultural evolution studies the numerous ways humans—and other organisms—learn from and interact with one another. Researchers in this field utilize elaborate models and tools that are adapted from the ones used by evolutionary theorists, and they reach back into human prehistory to determine the origins of our capacity for cultural understanding. This method also acknowledges the distinction between traits that are cultural and biological. While biological traits are largely inherited all at once (in sexual species, at fertilization) but cultural traits can be acquired over a lengthy period of time. As a result, the emergence of one cultural trait may affect the development of another. In Korea For instance, the adoption of Western fashion elements in the latter half of the 19th and early 20th century was a result of a complicated sequence of events. One of the most important was the arrival of Japanese occupation forces who introduced Western clothing styles and hairstyles to Korean society. When Japan left Korea in the 1930s, a few of these trends began change. By the end of World War II, Korea was once more united, this time under the rule of the Choson dynasty. Today, Korea is a vibrant economic and political power. Despite the current global financial crisis, the country's economy has grown consistently over the last decade and is set to maintain its steady growth in the near future. The current government has many challenges to face. One of the most serious is its inability to develop an effective strategy to address the economic crisis. The crisis has revealed weaknesses of the country's policies particularly its dependence on foreign investment and exports that may not last. As the crisis has shattered the confidence of investors, the government must reconsider its economic strategy and find alternative ways to boost domestic demand. To ensure a stable economic climate the government will need to reform its incentive system, monitoring and discipline. This chapter provides a variety of scenarios of how the Korean economy could grow in the post-crisis era. 4. Evolution and Education A fundamental challenge for evolution educators is how to present evolutionary concepts in a way that is suitable for students at various age groups and developmental stages. Teachers should, for instance, be sensitive to the religious diversity in their classrooms and create an environment where students from both religious and secular perspectives are at ease. Teachers should be able to recognize common misconceptions about evolution and be able to correct them in the classroom. Teachers must also have access to a variety of resources for teaching evolution and be able locate them quickly. In this context, Thinking Evolutionarily Convocation played an important role in bringing evolutionary researchers and educators from various sectors to discuss the best methods for teaching about Evolution. Attendees included representatives of scientific societies and educational researchers, as well as officials from government funding agencies and curriculum designers. The convergence of different participants helped to identify a set of shared recommendations which will serve as the foundation for future actions. It is crucial to include evolution in all science curricula at every level. National Science Education Standards (NRC) which require the integration of evolution across all life sciences with a progression that is developmentally appropriate, are a good method to achieve this goal. A new publication from NRC offers guidance for schools on how to incorporate evolution into the life science curriculum. Several studies have found that a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of evolution can lead to greater student knowledge and belief in the existence of evolution. It is difficult to determine the causal effects of evolution in the classroom, since the curriculum for schools do not change on a regular basis and are dependent on the timing of the state board of education and gubernatorial elections. To overcome this problem I employ a longitudinal dataset that allows me to control state and years fixed effects and individual-level variations in teacher beliefs about evolutionary theory. Teachers who are more comfortable teaching evolution also have fewer internal barriers. This is in line with the notion that more confident faculty are less likely to avoid questions about evolution in the classroom, and could be more likely to employ strategies like a reconciliatory method that is known to boost the students' understanding of evolution.